An ecommerce framework refers to the type of software you’re using to build your ecommerce store.
Types of Ecommerce Frameworks
You can choose among three primary types of ecommerce frameworks. All three will work a little bit differently, and all three have their own strengths and weaknesses. Those frameworks are:
- SaaS
- Open source
- Headless commerce
1. SaaS Ecommerce Framework
SaaS stands for “software as a service.” Users subscribe — as opposed to buying — to software that the vendor continues to host, maintain and improve. SaaS platforms, on average, come with more out-of-the-box functionality. And, while customization is limited, SaaS platforms today are becoming more and more flexible thanks to APIs and pre-built integrations.
Some elements of your system operate independently from each other instead of having everything be fully joined together.
Pros:
- You’ll have the flexibility to use the front-end of your choice, from digital experience platforms to PWAs and more.
- You can use your back-end to power multiple front-ends for a multi-site experience.
- When your front- and back-ends are decoupled, each can undergo development work without risking impacts to each other.
Cons:
- The total cost of ownership can be high, because you’ll be paying for your back-end, front-end and development work.
- Architectures can be complex and require developer expertise.
Additional Pros:
- The vendor can push out real-time feature upgrades as they continue to improve the software over time.
- Total cost of ownership is typically much less than with an open source or headless commerce frameworks.
- SaaS can help you get to market quickly.
- Security and maintenance are included in your costs, and you won’t have to worry about hosting.
Additional Cons:
- Not as customizable as open source or headless commerce frameworks.
2. Open-Source Ecommerce Framework
Open-source software is software that allows users to access and change the source code on their own software instance. It’s often — but not always — written in PHP, a popular general purpose scripting language. Open-source ecommerce platforms offer a high level of customization, but it comes at a cost.
You’ll need developers to not just make the customizations you want, but also to maintain the code over time — the more customization, the higher the risk of unintended consequences — and ensure continued cybersecurity defenses to protect your business and your shoppers.
Pros:
- Almost limitless customization opportunities.
- Engaged communities of developers.
Cons:
- You’ll be responsible for installing software updates and security patches.
- The ability to customize also means that the software is more complex, and you’ll be more reliant on developers not just at implementation but over the lifecycle of your business.
- The TCO is typically high once you factor in all the related extraneous costs. (No software is ever truly “free.”)
3. Headless Ecommerce Framework
Headless commerce decouples the back- and front-ends so retailers can choose their own front-end presentation layer to deliver a differentiated customer experience. This also gives you the opportunity to take a multi-vendor approach, using one vendor for the back-end solution and something different on the front.
Decoupled approaches like headless are a potential advantage to enterprise businesses because they allow for greater freedom and control. You can also develop some elements of your system independently.
Pros:
- You’ll have the flexibility to use the front-end of your choice, from digital experience platforms to PWAs and more.
- You can use your back-end to power multiple front-ends for a multi-site experience.
- When your front- and back-ends are decoupled, each can undergo development work without risking impacts to each other.
Cons:
- The total cost of ownership can be high, because you’ll be paying for your back-end, front-end and development work.
- Architectures can be complex and require developer expertise.
Key Features Your Ecommerce Framework Should Have
Different types of online businesses need different frameworks, because they need to adapt based on different customers or industries. But there should always be some common things you should look for.
1. Product Management
Your products are, obviously, central to your business — so you want to make sure that managing your inventory, from adding products, editing their information and tracking stock levels, is easy to do.
From SKUs and variations (size, colour, quantity) to product names and images, some ecommerce frameworks will allow you to get a high-level view or drill down to the specifics with very little technical know-how. You also want to make sure that your platform can support the number of SKUs you want to carry, and the number of variants per product that you may need in your online shop.
And if you’re looking to support an omnichannel strategy, make sure your framework supports connecting inventory to online marketplaces like Amazon, ad channels like Google, social media and point of sale (POS) solutions of your choice for a centralized channel management hub.
2. Mobile Supported Ecommerce
Shoppers are using mobile devices more and more to browse stores and even to make purchases. That’s why your ecommerce framework has to support a good shopping experience across devices. Mobile commerce was predicted to bring in $314 billion in 2020 — 44% of total ecommerce sales. If you don’t offer a mobile-friendly checkout experience, you could be hurting your growth prospects.
Pick a framework that lets you create a simplified, user-friendly mobile checkout process. Think fewer fields, bigger buttons and integration of popular mobile payment methods such as Apple Pay, Google Pay, PayPal, Amazon Pay and others.
3. Security
During the first half of 2019, there were at least 23 million stolen credit cards for sale on the dark web. Online stores are an attractive target for hackers. The move to shopping online during the pandemic made it an even more lucrative venture.
You’re responsible for keeping your customers’ information safe, and it’s important for your business viability and brand reputation to avoid data breaches. According to a study by KPMG, about 30% of customers would stop purchasing from a company temporarily after a data breach.
Some frameworks, like SaaS and headless commerce with a SaaS back-end, provide some levels of security, while with open source solutions like Magento, you’ll have to manage security controls yourself. That may mean protecting your own servers with managed security or installing security patches from the vendor in a timely fashion.
- PCI-DSS compliance: This is a globally-recognized standard for securely processing payments. Vendors pass rigorous testing to earn this status.
- SSL/HTTPS support: A SSL certificate is a ‘must’ standard for encrypting sensitive data a buyer provides to your shopping solution during checkout.
- Anti-fraud and data security tools: Make sure you can monitor suspicious user activity and block potentially fraudulent transactions and brute force intrusion attempts either natively or using an integrated third-party system.
4. Built-in SEO Capabilities
Several features within an ecommerce framework should support improved SEO capabilities, including control over your URLs, title tags, header tags and metadata. Search engine optimization (SEO) can be a powerful tool to grow your business — but some ecommerce platforms are better suited in this area than others. Some of the less customizable SaaS platforms will limit your ability to fully optimize. (Big-Commerce provides robust SEO functionality.)
5. Extensive Plugins or Integrations
Every ecommerce platform will give you some out-of-the-box features, themes and/or templates, but you’ll certainly need some other functionality as well — especially once you discover what your shoppers really want. Identify what, if any, features or functionality you’ll need to add on that doesn’t come native to the platform.
The future of ecommerce is everywhere — and that’s where the most successful store owners will sell. When investigating an ecommerce platform, you need to know how easy or difficult it will be to integrate social commerce and sell on marketplaces like Amazon and eBay.
If you also run brick-and-mortar operations, you can integrate data from your point-of-sale systems and online storefront to gain a holistic view of customers’ shopping behaviours and inventory in real time.
Some of the Best Ecommerce Frameworks
There are plenty of ecommerce frameworks on the market today, but the one that’s right for you will depend a lot on your business model, choice of products, intent to scale and even the abilities of your internal team. Let’s look at some of the ten most popular and some of their advantages and disadvantages.
- Big-Commerce Big-Commerce is a SaaS platform with highly flexible APIs and a strong headless commerce offering. Core platform components enable extension and connection to any other environment.
Because Big-Commerce falls on the more flexible end of the spectrum for SaaS products, it can have a somewhat higher learning curve than some of the alternatives. That said, the platform also offers 24/7 global support and thousands of agency partners to help you launch and maintain your store if needed.
- Shopify Shopify, a hosted ecommerce software, offers a low technical barrier for building a store with basic functionality out of the box. This makes the setup and store management part easy. Some non-native tools require a separate subscription. Integrations with more than 4,100 apps that increase functionality — such as Google Analytics and Smile.io — can be activated in one click.
- Magento Magento is open-source software that can be deployed on premise on your own servers or in the cloud (PaaS). Written in the PHP programming language, Magento is highly flexible and scalable — if you know your way around open-source PHP development that is. It’s also now part of the Adobe Experience Cloud, so integrates with Adobe products like analytics, a customer data platform and more.
Magento has a large community of experienced developers, but many businesses have migrated off of Magento because of its high dependence on developers to set up, maintain and update your store. Even a basic store on Magento Open Source using a template and no extensions can cost $20,000 to $45,000, depending on complexity. Plus, since you have your own instance of the software, you’ll have to install your own updates and security patches.
- Salesforce Commerce Cloud (Demandware) Salesforce Commerce Cloud (previously Demandware, prior to acquisition by Salesforce) is a SaaS platform for businesses that want to streamline their omnichannel operations. It enables you to manage sales in digital and physical channels from one solution and includes native AI tools for personalization.
One disadvantage of Salesforce Commerce Cloud is the relatively small number of agency partners that are familiar with designing and developing on the platform.
- Squarespace Squarespace enables quick and easy site updates and media management rather than requiring an outside developer. This SaaS framework offers template designs and built-in inventory tools.
But if you don’t understand all the features, you may miss some crucial elements that could take your site even further. Some disadvantages to choosing Squarespace include that it only offers integration with four payment processors — and if you’re subscribing to their cheapest plan, you’ll pay a 3% transaction fee on every sale.
- Wix
Wix is a SaaS platform geared toward small businesses. It’s quick and easy to get started, and you can drag-and-drop to create your site. Design is simple with Wix, as you’ll have access to 500+ templates.
Making Sure You Select the Best Ecommerce Framework
Some platforms have a lot of features out of the box, making set-up quick and easy but customization down the road more difficult. Other platforms enable fully customized sites but require lengthier setup and costly ecommerce development. As you compare platforms, prioritize your needs based on your unique business.
1. Identify Business Needs
Every ecommerce business has different needs, depending on your business model, products, preferred sales and advertising channels and more.
- Business model: Is your business B2B or B2C? B2B businesses have specific ecommerce needs that many platforms can’t meet out of the box. If you have an online store and a brick-and-mortar, you’ll want to make sure you can integrate your inventory and sales so you always have a unified view of your business. And if you’re thinking of a hybrid B2C/B2B approach, you’ll need to find a platform that can support those alternate needs without incurring a great deal more expense.
- Products: How many products will you be selling? How many variants will those products have? Make sure the limitations of whatever platform you choose can handle what you intend to sell.
- Sales and advertising channels: Will marketplaces like Amazon or Wish be part of your sales strategy? What about selling and/or marketing and advertising via Facebook, Instagram or other social media channels? Making sure you have a seamless connection between your store and those sales channels will help you keep a unified view of your business and — especially — your inventory.
2. Consider Your Budget
Total cost of ownership can vary wildly across and even within the different frameworks, based on their features and capabilities. Plus, the way costs are structured may impact your business’ finances.
- SaaS will provide you with a relatively consistent cost on an ongoing basis, so your future financial position is easier to forecast.
- Open source frameworks often require a hefty licensing fee at the outset, plus you’ll have to plan for variable implementation costs and the cost of development and maintenance over time.
- Headless frameworks can be costly based on the number of systems they integrate plus your choice of front- and back-end, but merchants looking for heavy customization may find it worth it.
3. Scalability and Future Growth
If your ultimate goal is growth, consider not just your needs today, but your needs in the future. Over time you may need a platform that can handle higher traffic, more SKUs, more variants and more API calls. If you want to expand internationally, you’ll want support for international regulations and compliance, multi-currency functionality so shoppers can pay in their own country’s currency, and possibly even multi-store functionality to completely personalize the experience.
4. Make Sure There Is Customer Support
It doesn’t matter how experienced you are with technology or ecommerce — a new software platform will have a little bit of a learning curve. You need to know what support your ecommerce platform offers during the onboarding process and beyond.
